[libreoffice-users] Re: How to upgrade LO on Ubuntu 14.04.LTS

Am 10.11.2015 um 22:17 schrieb Joel Madero:
> Terminal -
>
> sudo add-apt-repository ppa:libreoffice/libreoffice-5-0;
> sudo apt-get update;
> sudo apt-get install libreoffice
>
>
> Best,
> Joel

I know that the following is not 100% accurate but typing commands into
terminals explains nothing.

1) Open a terminal (shortcut Ctrl+Alt+T)

2) Select the first line starting with sudo
> sudo add-apt-repository ppa:libreoffice/libreoffice-5-0;

3) Middle-click anywhere in the terminal. If your selection included the
new-line character, the command will start running. If not, hit enter to
start the command.

4) Enter the admin password to confirm that you are a sys admin.
add-apt-repository adds a new subscription to your subscribed software
newsletters in the name of the sys admin. This implies that you trust
the maintainers of ppa:libreoffice/libreoffice-5-0

Without the preceeding sudo command, just running
add-apt-repository ppa:libreoffice/libreoffice-5-0, you would get an
error message about missing privileges because you as a naked user are
not allowed to write any files outside your home directory or the /tmp
directory.

Repeat steps 2 and 3 for the second and third line.
Select and middle-click
> sudo apt-get update;
to update all your subscribed software newsletters in the name of the
sys admin.

> sudo apt-get install libreoffice
installs libreoffice from the new subscription in the name of the sys admin.

Finally,
> > sudo apt-get dist-upgrade;

Compares the latest newletters with the your currently installed
software and updates all software to the announced latest version. If
there is something to upgrade, it will prompt you for confirmation. Just
hit Enter to confirm.
You may notice that the same terminal remembers your given admin
password for some minutes so you don't need to re-enter the admin password.

Your system maintains a software database about all the files on your
system that arrived through debian packages (*.deb). It keeps detailed
records about which file belongs to which software package, which
software packages are installed, originating from which source.
Any graphical software management tools for Debian/Ubuntu/Mint/whatever
do exactly the same things in the background. I recommend to install
synaptic ( sudo apt-get install synaptic ) for a better overview over
the subscribed software, installed, not yet installed, updatable and
removable software.

There is another way to install software from manually downloaded
packages, from CDs etc. This method involves the dpkg command:

> sudo dpkg --install *.deb
or shorter but less mnemonic:
> sudo dpkg -i *.deb

installs all *.deb files of the current directory updating your system's
software database (which file has been placed where belonging to which
package). The difference is that the Debian packages were already stored
your system rather than downloaded from an external source. With this
method you install unmaintained software at your own risk. The automatic
update/upgrade mechanisms do not apply to this software, nevertheless it
will be registered at your local software database so it will not be
overidden, compromised or harmed in any way by any other software.
The typical install directory for this software is /opt. The latest
debian packages downloaded from libreoffice.org or Openoffice will be
installed in /opt.

Finally you can download and install some software freely, bypassing the
software database like you use to do on a Windows system. Sometimes they
come as executable binaries (analog to Widows setup.exe), sometimes they
come as source code which means that you need developer tools to compile
the program from the downloaded source code before installing it (or
before building your own .deb package and adding it to your sofware
database).
I use a Java program which is distributed as a zip archive. From time to
time I download the latest version and extract it to a freely chosen
subdirectory in my /opt directory.


There is no need to remove any existing ODF suite before installing
another ODF suite. There is just one conflict you need to know.
The file /usr/bin/soffice is registered to some already installed office
suite. The system will not allow you to install any software claiming
the same file /usr/bin/soffice. This is a very important feature of your
Debian/Ubuntu system. If your installation fails because of a conflict
about /usr/bin/soffice you have 3 choices:
1) Remove the old suite.
2) Move the package with "debian-menu" in the name to another directory.
This is the single package which tries to install another
/usr/bin/soffice. Without this "debian-menu-x-y.deb" your old suite
remains the default program and you can add menues and links to your
newly installed secondary suite.
3) Do the same as in 2), then switch to the other directory and install
the "debian-menu-x-y.deb" separately like this:
> sudo dpkg -i --force-overwrite libreoffice-debian-menu-x.y.z.deb

This way you tell the system that it is perfectly OK to resolve file
conflicts for this particular package by overwriting files and their
registration in the software database. In the software database
/usr/bin/soffice will belong to the new suite and the new suite will be
the default suite with menu entries, file associations etc.
> dpkg-query --search /usr/bin/soffice
informs you to which package the file belongs currently.

Using a terminal, I can install any ODF suite faster than with Setup.exe
on Windows, including any /usr/bin/soffice conflict I can choose to
resolve one way or the other.

sudo apt-get install --> download from repository, add to local software
database, upgrade automatically from repository.
sudo dpkg --install --> install locally stored packages, add to local
software database, no automatic updates.


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